![]() For example, at my airline, most 4-day trips are only worth 20 hours of pay. Although our hourly wage is about the same, the way SW FAs are paid is better. As a flight attendant at a unionized legacy carrier, I am super jealous of SW’s compensation. Trust me, when you spend your days on a plane and in airports, it’s not something you want to do in your free time just to get home.ĭo you want those fabulous international layovers every once in a while? Or would you prefer having enough money to vacation there yourself? Southwest doesn’t have flights to places like Shanghai or Rome, but they have a great contract. Is there a base you’d like to or would be willing to live in at either airline? Commuting is hell and life is so much easier when you live in base. Bases are probably the biggest in determining your quality of life. ![]() If you have any specific questions about DL, I would be more than happy to answer them.Ĭongratulations! Both are great options but it depends on what you value. I would not place this big a decision ONLY on how their flying benefits are (even though DL wins in that sense since we have a transoceanic operation).Īnother thing to consider is the pros and cons of working with and without a union (DL = no union, SW = union). Do you see yourself living in one of those cities? Or some other city, maybe close to one of the bases? Look at bases for both airlines, and then imagine yourself living in each base 5, 10, 20 years from now. There's no a very big difference between the two pay wise. I would sit down and ask yourself - do you want to do only domestic trips and do international trips only on your time off, or would you like to do international trips ever once in a while (in the beginning, at least)? Both have their own advantages and disadvantages. But I've known people who have left DL to start a new career with SW. I'm very heavily leaning towards DL (for obvious reasons). Interested in becoming an FA, please visit our sister sub /r/cabincrewcareers.Discussion regarding the solicitation of airline crew flight benefits (including 'looking to buy' type posts) is prohibited.Mods reserve the right to remove content or restrict users' posting privileges as necessary if it is deemed detrimental to the subreddit or to the experience of others.Advertising and posting of affiliate links is strictly not allowed.Spam and other low effort submissions (such as linking to a page or video without any context or discussion) is not allowed.Self-promotion of blogs and other media is allowed, but please refrain from posting more than once per month.Harassment, racism, and all other unsociable conduct will be removed. This is a community of adults, your behavior should reflect this.All posts must be relevant to the subject of flight attendants or the aviation industry in general.Please visit our Discord server, The Crew Room for voice and text chat, and of course gaming. A place where stories are shared, advice is given, and all manner of other related topics are discussed. This is the premier community of current and former flight attendants on Reddit. ![]() ![]() FA Application Guide & FAQ Welcome Onboard ![]()
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![]() This is a good practice generally when using the global scope for your helper functions.Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Dealing with XForms Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto searchĪn array of strings can be provided, in whichĬase the replacements will occur on each string in turn. ![]() This keeps it from breaking in case you upgrade and forget that you added it. ![]() If you do not have PHP 8, you can use these functions to get the capability of the new string functions.īut! Remember to use a conditional check to make sure the function is not already defined. With credit to Paul Phillips for the original polyfill posted. ![]() ![]() Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Dealing with XForms Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search ![]() ![]() ![]() Continued abuse of our services will cause your IP address to be blocked indefinitely. Please fill out the CAPTCHA below and then click the button to indicate that you agree to these terms. If you wish to be unblocked, you must agree that you will take immediate steps to rectify this issue. If you do not understand what is causing this behavior, please contact us here. If you promise to stop (by clicking the Agree button below), we'll unblock your connection for now, but we will immediately re-block it if we detect additional bad behavior. Overusing our search engine with a very large number of searches in a very short amount of time.Using a badly configured (or badly written) browser add-on for blocking content.Running a "scraper" or "downloader" program that either does not identify itself or uses fake headers to elude detection.Using a script or add-on that scans GameFAQs for box and screen images (such as an emulator front-end), while overloading our search engine.There is no official GameFAQs app, and we do not support nor have any contact with the makers of these unofficial apps. Continued use of these apps may cause your IP to be blocked indefinitely. This triggers our anti-spambot measures, which are designed to stop automated systems from flooding the site with traffic. I tried deleting the maps folder and reverifying the cache, but that didnt work. bsp file and I dont know how to get them back. Some unofficial phone apps appear to be using GameFAQs as a back-end, but they do not behave like a real web browser does. Apparently my tf/maps folder is missing all of the official maps.Using GameFAQs regularly with these browsers can cause temporary and even permanent IP blocks due to these additional requests. If you are using the Brave browser, or have installed the Ghostery add-on, these programs send extra traffic to our servers for every page on the site that you browse, then send that data back to a third party, essentially spying on your browsing habits.We strongly recommend you stop using this browser until this problem is corrected. The latest version of the Opera browser sends multiple invalid requests to our servers for every page you visit. ![]() The most common causes of this issue are: Your IP address has been temporarily blocked due to a large number of HTTP requests. ![]() ![]() ![]() (A solution for this particular problem is to use unsigned integer types for values that a program expects and assumes will never be negative.) An integer overflow can cause the value to wrap and become negative, which violates the program's assumption and may lead to unexpected behavior (for example, 8-bit integer addition of 127 + 1 results in −128, a two's complement of 128). If the variable has a signed integer type, a program may make the assumption that a variable always contains a positive value. ![]() Such wraparound may cause security detriments-if an overflowed value is used as the number of bytes to allocate for a buffer, the buffer will be allocated unexpectedly small, potentially leading to a buffer overflow which, depending on the use of the buffer, might in turn cause arbitrary code execution. In particular, multiplying or adding two integers may result in a value that is unexpectedly small, and subtracting from a small integer may cause a wrap to a large positive value (for example, 8-bit integer addition 255 + 2 results in 1, which is 257 mod 2 8, and similarly subtraction 0 − 1 results in 255, a two's complement representation of −1). When an unsigned arithmetic operation produces a result larger than the maximum above for an N-bit integer, an overflow reduces the result to modulo N-th power of 2, retaining only the least significant bits of the result and effectively causing a wrap around. 64-bit: maximum representable value 2 64 − 1 = 18,446,744,073,709,551,615 (the most common width for personal computer central processing units (CPUs), as of 2023 ),.32-bit: maximum representable value 2 32 − 1 = 4,294,967,295 (the most common width for personal computers as of 2005 ),. ![]() 16-bit: maximum representable value 2 16 − 1 = 65,535.8-bit: maximum representable value 2 8 − 1 = 255.4-bit: maximum representable value 2 4 − 1 = 15.Typical binary register widths for unsigned integers include: Though the vast majority of computers can perform multiple-precision arithmetic on operands in memory, allowing numbers to be arbitrarily long and overflow to be avoided, the register width limits the sizes of numbers that can be operated on (e.g., added or subtracted) using a single instruction per operation. The register width of a processor determines the range of values that can be represented in its registers. set to the minimum or the maximum value in the representable range, rather than wrapped around. On some processors like graphics processing units (GPUs) and digital signal processors (DSPs) which support saturation arithmetic, overflowed results would be "clamped", i.e. The C11 standard states that for unsigned integers, modulo wrapping is the defined behavior and the term overflow never applies: "a computation involving unsigned operands can never overflow." In particular, if the possibility has not been anticipated, overflow can compromise a program's reliability and security.įor some applications, such as timers and clocks, wrapping on overflow can be desirable. modulo a power of the radix, usually two in modern computers, but sometimes ten or another radix).Īn overflow condition may give results leading to unintended behavior. The most common result of an overflow is that the least significant representable digits of the result are stored the result is said to wrap around the maximum (i.e. ![]() In computer programming, an integer overflow occurs when an arithmetic operation attempts to create a numeric value that is outside of the range that can be represented with a given number of digits – either higher than the maximum or lower than the minimum representable value. This is wrapping in contrast to saturating. All digits are set to the maximum 9 and the next increment of the white digit causes a cascade of carry-over additions setting all digits to 0, but there is no higher digit (1,000,000s digit) to change to a 1, so the counter resets to zero. Integer overflow can be demonstrated through an odometer overflowing, a mechanical version of the phenomenon. ![]() ![]() The test utilizes abstract shapes and designs, allowing for unbiased scoring, regardless of the student's primary language as well as academic and socioeconomic background. Since the NNAT requires minimal use of language and does not require reading, writing, or speaking, it is considered to be culturally neutral. The NNAT questions are made up of symbols and/or shapes, require few instructions, and evaluate nonverbal reasoning and problem solving abilities in children aged 5 to 17. The Naglieri Nonverbal Ability Test ( NNAT) is a nonverbal test that assesses general ability and is often used to identify gifted and talented children. Get a glimpse of the real OLSAT with our Free tests! What Is the NNAT? With the $5 Lucy had remaining, she bought her mom a flower for $4 and was left with $5 - $4 = $1. With the $8 Lucy had remaining, she gave the hairdresser a $3 tip and was then left with $8 - $3 = $5. After she paid $12 she was left with $20 - $12 = $8. The amount of money Lucy had left is equal to the amount of money she started with minus the amount of money she spent: 20 – 12 – 3 – 4 = 1. TestPrep-Online provides thorough, realistic preparation material for some of the most common gifted children tests, such as the Otis-Lennon School Ability Test ( OLSAT), Naglieri Nonverbal Ability Test ( NNAT), Cognitive Abilities Test ( CogAT), New York City Gifted & Talented Test ( NYC G&T), and the School and College Ability Test ( SCAT). With increasing competition, it is important to make sure that your child is prepared when test day arrives. ![]() Out of the children that qualified, not all were granted a spot in a NYC gifted school. Nearly 5,000 children qualified for gifted and talented kindergarten seats in New York City public schools in the fall, 22 percent more than last year and more than double the number four years ago, setting off a fierce competition for the most sought-after programs in the system. Gifted programs and schools are becoming increasingly more competitive from year to year, as outlined in a recent article in The New York Times: ![]() In some instances, a teacher or parent nominates a student believed to be gifted, and refers the student to take a gifted children test. Often, gifted tests are administered to all students in a certain grade. ![]() In the United States, policies for gifted program admissions may vary based on state, city, or school district. In order to be admitted, children often need to take a gifted program test. These programs are very challenging: they are taught at a faster pace, cover more material, and delve deeper into educational content. Gifted and Talented programs and schools are becoming increasingly popular across the United States. ![]() ![]()
![]() ![]() Emergency medical services was called and responded within minutes. ![]() A co-worker heard the commotion, ran to the machine and shut it off. He ran to the mixer and attempted to turn it off, but could not disengage the gears, so he yelled for help. A painter working near the victim heard yells for help and saw the victim’s arm stuck in the machine and his body being pulled into the rotating mixer paddles. The victim was cleaning the mixer at the end of his shift to prepare it for the following day. OSHA’s Hazard Alert: Dangers of Engulfment and Suffocation in Grain BinsĪn 18-year-old worker died after becoming entangled in a portable mortar mixer at a residential construction site. OSHA’s Grain Handling Facilities Safety and Health Topics Page OSHA Regional News Release, November 23, 2009
![]() Absolute versus relative difference and why it matters for sample size determination.Types of null and alternative hypotheses in significance tests.Why is sample size determination important?.Parameters for sample size and power calculations.Using the power & sample size calculator.For example, if we were expecting a population correlation between intelligence and job performance of around 0.50, a sample size of 20 will give us approximately 80% power ( α = 0. In many contexts, the issue is less about determining if there is or is not a difference but rather with getting a more refined estimate of the population effect size. Power analysis is appropriate when the concern is with the correct rejection of a false null hypothesis. The rationale is that it is better to tell a healthy patient "we may have found something-let's test further," than to tell a diseased patient "all is well." But this inevitably raises the risk of obtaining a false positive (a type I error). In medicine, for example, tests are often designed in such a way that no false negatives (type II errors) will be produced. However, there will be times when this 4-to-1 weighting is inappropriate. ( β is the probability of a type II error, and α is the probability of a type I error 0.2 and 0.05 are conventional values for β and α). ![]() This convention implies a four-to-one trade off between β-risk and α-risk. In regression analysis and analysis of variance, there are extensive theories and practical strategies for improving the power based on optimally setting the values of the independent variables in the model.Īlthough there are no formal standards for power (sometimes referred to as π ), most researchers assess the power of their tests using π = 0.80 as a standard for adequacy. For example, in a two-sample testing situation with a given total sample size n, it is optimal to have equal numbers of observations from the two populations being compared (as long as the variances in the two populations are the same). The design of an experiment or observational study often influences the power. A related concept is to improve the "reliability" of the measure being assessed (as in psychometric reliability). ![]() Consequently, power can often be improved by reducing the measurement error in the data. The precision with which the data are measured also influences statistical power. How increased sample size translates to higher power is a measure of the efficiency of the test – for example, the sample size required for a given power. Increasing sample size is often the easiest way to boost the statistical power of a test. Other things being equal, effects are harder to detect in smaller samples. The sample size determines the amount of sampling error inherent in a test result. An unstandardized (direct) effect size is rarely sufficient to determine the power, as it does not contain information about the variability in the measurements.Īn example of how sample size affects power levels If constructed appropriately, a standardized effect size, along with the sample size, will completely determine the power. It can be equivalently thought of as the probability of accepting the alternative hypothesis ( H 1 is the common standard deviation of the outcomes in the treated and control groups. However, experiment E is consequently more reliable than experiment F due to its lower probability of a type I error. This reduces experiment E's sensitivity to detect significant effects. For example, if experiment E has a statistical power of 0.7, and experiment F has a statistical power of 0.95, then there is a stronger probability that experiment E had a type II error than experiment F. ![]()
![]() ![]() They train the mind to be more focused and teach kids the value of not giving up. One of the language art skills learnt from puzzles is the ability to pay attention. For instance, if the crossword clue is, "Tony started to climb the _ of the tree," the child will start to remember tree-related vocabulary. Moreover, these also help children explore context clues. When attempting a puzzle, the child will have to interact with it in several ways to sort through clues and use their memory to retrieve vocabulary and spellings they have learned over time. They help children think outside the box as well. This helps children become better at problem-solving, a skill that will help them for the rest of their lives. They help boost strategic and logical thinking, encouraging students to think creatively. We recommend keeping a vocabulary nearby when the child is attempting a crossword puzzle and encouraging them to use the internet to search for their words. ![]() Look for puzzles on a variety of topics so that your child can also expand his general knowledge skills in the process of completing the puzzle. ![]() If you want your child's vocabulary to broaden, crossword puzzles are an excellent exercise for them. They are a great way to increase a child's exposure to new and old vocabulary.īuilding a child's vocabulary is extremely important as it helps them master various topics and subjects, allowing them to converse with each other and confidently write stories. The more words your child is exposed to, the more he will start to understand and learn, and soon, his vocabulary will surpass your expectations. Moreover, instead of being viewed as a chore, crosswords help kids challenge one another, keeping them motivated. This is a great way to have a little fun teaching children spelling. They require accurate spellings, without which the puzzle cannot be completed. Not only do they help kids recognize words, but children also end up learning the idea of "decoy" words and ensure that they get the right spelling to complete their puzzle. These word puzzles help kids link letters together and repeat the spellings repeatedly. They are ideal for helping children learn their spellings. Moreover, all these language games have a high academic value.Ĭrosswords are a great option if you want to keep your kids entertained when traveling or help them curb their boredom when it is raining outside. Puzzle books, anagrams, and word searches are great learning opportunities, allowing children to grow. What Language Arts Skills Do Crosswords Work On?Ĭrossword puzzles are a great way to keep kids busy. I think you will find this series of crossword puzzle helpful and super educational. At the high school level, we have included a good number of SAT and ACT word sets that we have used in the past. The word sets that we explore are based on national word lists. We also have worksheets down below that feature puzzles that target grade leveled vocabulary words. The top set of crossword puzzles consists of theme-based puzzles they are appropriate for most grade levels and are based more on student interest. Each crossword puzzle has approximately 115 missing clues that you need to find based on the clue. As you scroll down the page you will find 60 printable and digital crossword puzzle worksheets that come with a complete answer key. If you are really stumped, start with the words with the fewest letters, we tend to recognize those first. This will provide you with hints to help you along the way. Once you find your first word, fill those letters into words that build off of your word. There are bound to be a few that are just simple for you. You can get an idea by briefly reading all the clues. You are most likely bound to make a few mistakes along the way. The best way to attack a new crossword puzzle is with pencil. About ten years later, they began to appear in newspaper publications across the world. ![]() The first known crossword puzzle book was published just over a hundred years ago in Liverpool England. The first crossword puzzle appeared in eighteenth century England. The words used can fall under a single theme or be big and bold like those found in the New York Times. Seen widely as the most popular type of word game in the world crossword puzzles can be a fun way to help use expand our vocabulary and critically think about word uses at the same time. ![]() ![]() ![]() The detail drawing should provide all the information needed to produce the particular part (Figure 7.11). They convey the information and instructions for manufacturing the part, including the object’s shape, size, and specifications. Step 5: Then share a photograph of your creation on Instagram! Tag and use #ArchitectureAtHome. Blueprints are used for the reproduction of architectural or engineering drawings by a contact print process on sheets that are light-. There are several types of detail drawings used in various industrial settings. Step 4: Use the glossary to label the architectural elements in your design. ![]() For example, draw the whole building outline before you add smaller details like windows and doors. Step 3: Using your pencil or crayon, draw your ideas by starting with the biggest shapes and details first. Do you want to design a house? A store? A museum? Don’t forget to think about important things like the building’s size and shape, and how doors, windows, and other building parts make sense for your building’s use. : a photographic print in white on a bright blue ground or blue on a white ground used especially for copying maps, mechanical drawings, and architects' plans. Step 2: Imagine what you want your building to be. ![]() Step 1: Look through the Illustrated Building Parts glossary to learn about new architectural parts, their names, and how they work together to make a building. Materials: White color pencil or crayon (or any other color), blue construction paper (or any other color) Blueprints are 2-dimensional architectural design drawings that indicate the size of a planned building, the materials to be used during construction. A floor plan is a view of a building from directly above while a blue print is a type of drawing specifically the chemicals used to create a drawing drawing can be architectural or engineering. Create your own blueprint with architectural parts to imagine your own building design! Download the PDF > Answer: A floor plan can be a blueprint or printed on white paper with a modern printer. While architects today use computers to create building drawings, originally, the printing process created white lines on blue paper. Blueprints are drawings that architects use to plan new buildings. Structural plans shows the structure of the building including concrete, masonry, wood framing, roof plans. ![]() |
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